CRMs
CRMs, or customer relationship management software, help companies keep track of everyone they talk to and sell to. A sales team might use one to see which prospects haven't been contacted in weeks, or customer service can pull up someone's entire purchase history when they call with a problem. These tools store contact information, but they also record every email, meeting, and phone call tied to each person or company.
The software connects to your email, calendar, and phone system through integrations that automatically log conversations and meetings. When you send an email to a prospect, it shows up in their contact record. Schedule a meeting, and it appears on their timeline. The best CRM software can score leads based on how they interact with your website or emails, and some will automatically move deals through your sales pipeline as things progress. You get reports showing which salespeople are hitting their numbers and where deals tend to get stuck.
CRMs work differently than project management tools or simple contact lists. Project software organizes tasks around getting something done, while CRMs organize everything around the relationship with each customer. A contact database just stores phone numbers and addresses. A CRM shows you the last five conversations you had with someone, whether they opened your recent emails, and how much money they might spend. Small business CRM systems usually cover the basics, while enterprise CRM solutions can handle complex sales processes with multiple decision makers.
Companies use these for lead management, sales forecasting, email campaigns, and detailed reporting. A software company might track prospects from first website visit through contract signing. Marketing agencies manage client relationships and track which campaigns generate the most leads. Real estate agents use them to stay in touch with past clients who might refer new business. Customer service teams can see a caller's order history and previous support tickets. Most systems now work on phones and tablets, so salespeople can update records from client meetings. As these tools get better at predicting which leads will actually buy, they're becoming more useful for planning and budgeting.